From the web page http://microsoft.com/education/k12/windows/macwin.htm Moving from MAC to Windows The Desktop File Management Converting Files Shortcut Keys Learning a new operating system may seem like an unsavory, if not intimidating, process. Not to worry! This leader-led, hands-on workshop will show you how easy it is to adapt your Mac expertise to the Microsoft(R) Windows(R) operating system and introduce you to some of the cool Windows 95 features that can extend your computing capabilities and increase your productivity. Participants' Guide Organized into four modules, Moving from the Mac to Windows 95 addresses such topics as the look and functionality of Windows 95, the elements of the Windows 95 desktop and their functions, file management procedures, and how to convert files from the Mac to Windows. Each module can be treated as a stand-alone tutorial, or the entire workshop can be undertaken in sequence, providing a thorough introduction to Windows 95. Instructor's Guide This Instructor's Guide is provided to help you guide users through the lessons in Moving from the Mac to Windows 95. The exact content of the Participant's Guide appears on the right-hand pages, while the left-hand pages convey important information that corresponds to the participant's pages. On the left-hand pages you will find such information as the amount of time each lesson takes to complete, how the computers should be configured, and points you need to explain or discuss with the participants. (c) 1998 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Terms of use. Last Updated: October 1, 1998 ---------- Participant Guide Welcome This workshop is designed to help a knowledgeable Macintosh user apply his or her knowledge of System 7 or System 8 to Windows 95. Those who are familiar with Mac OS 8, however, will notice similarities between the two platforms. The first major similarity is that in OS 8, you no longer need to hold down the mouse button when browsing menus. OS 8 users will also be familiar with the context menu that appears when one holds down the Control key while clicking the mouse button. A similar menu, called the shortcut menu, appears in Windows 95 when the user "right-clicks," that is, clicks using the right mouse button. Still, the Windows 95 shortcut menu has many options that the Macintosh context menu lacks, so this course will not attempt to draw similarities between the two menus. Many of you have developed a justifiable affection for your Macintosh. There's no reason why you shouldn't develop the same feeling for your Windows-based computer. We hope your experience in this workshop is the first step toward doing so. ---------- The Desktop The first thing you see when you start a computer running Windows 95 is a desktop full of graphical elements. The following exercises will introduce you to these elements. Exercise 1: The Start menu A menu divided into several sections will appear. 1. Click the Start button in the lower-left corner of the screen. The Programs folder on the Start menu is comparable to the Macintosh Apple menu. It has shortcuts to all applications installed on the computer. Using these shortcuts, you can launch a program quickly and easily. 2. With your mouse, point to Programs. The Documents folder on the Start menu has shortcuts to documents that have been opened recently and is similar to the Recent Documents list available in the Apple menu on the Macintosh. Clicking a document on the Documents list opens it in the application in which it was created. 3. Point to Documents. In the Settings folder on the Start menu you will find the familiar Control Panel (used for customizing the system). You will also notice a shortcut to configuring printer setup (similar to the Chooser) and the taskbar. (See Exercise 2 for information on working with the taskbar.) 4. Point to Settings. The Find folder on the Start menu enables you to search for files on your computer and across a network. You can search for files by name on the Name & Location tab. (Clicking the Date Modified or Advanced tab will enable you to search using more specific criteria.) Click the Close button to close the window. 5. Point to Find, and then click Files or Folders. Just as you have to shut down a Macintosh before it is safe to turn it off, you must do the same to a Windows 95–based computer. To restart a Macintosh, you select Restart from the Special menu. In restart in Windows 95, you click Start, and then click Restart the computer?. 6. Click Start, and then click Shut Down. 7. Click No to stay in Windows. Exercise 2: The taskbar The taskbar is the gray bar located at the bottom of your screen (although its location can be changed). It contains the Start menu, buttons for all currently running programs and open windows, and the time. When used to switch between programs, the taskbar is similar to the Application menu on the Macintosh. In this exercise you will open two applications—Calculator and WordPad—and switch between them using the taskbar. Note the new button on your taskbar. Your taskbar should now look like this: As you can see, the taskbar indicates the active program by displaying the program's button as if it were "pressed in." To make another program active, click that program's button. The Calculator program becomes active and appears on the screen. Click the WordPad button to make WordPad active. Keep Calculator and WordPad open for the next exercise. 1. Click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and then click Calculator. 2. Click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and then click WordPad. 3. Click the Calculator button. Exercise 3: The window In this exercise you will learn how to manipulate windows in Windows 95. Make sure that both Calculator and WordPad are open and that WordPad is active. On the Macintosh the size box is used both to enlarge and shrink windows. In Windows you can make windows larger or smaller by using the Maximize button or the Minimize button . This is the same as hiding the window on the Mac. The WordPad window is now minimized to the taskbar, but you can still see Calculator in the background. Clicking the button on the taskbar that corresponds to a minimized application makes it the active program again. Note: For the next step, make sure that WordPad is neither maximized nor minimized. If you see the Restore button at the upper-right corner of the WordPad window, click it. Windows 95 allows you to stretch a window manually. On the Macintosh you drag the size box to do this. In Windows you drag the window corner . Unlike the Mac OS, Windows 95 enables you to quit a program directly from an open window. Notice that Calculator is still open, and the taskbar looks like this: The table below compares buttons on a Mac window and buttons on a Windows 95 window and explains each button's function. 1. Click the Close button to quit WordPad. (You can also quit by clicking Exit on the File menu, or by pressing ALT-F4 on the keyboard.) 2. Minimize WordPad by clicking the Minimize button 3. Click WordPad on the taskbar to make WordPad active. 4. Clicking and holding the window corner, drag it so that the window is half the width of the screen. 5. Click Calculator on the taskbar to make it active, and then click the Close button to quit Calculator. ---------- File Management Once you have begun to save files on your Windows 95–based PC, you will want to organize them into folders that will make it easier for you to locate the files in the future. Exercise 1: My Computer Using My Computer, you can manage files in a manner that is very similar to managing files on the Macintosh. For example, to copy a file, open the source and destination folders, and drag the file between them. In the following exercise you will copy a file from a floppy disk to a new folder on the hard disk, and then rename it. My Computer displays icons corresponding to every available drive (floppy, hard disk, CD-ROM, and so on). It also displays icons corresponding to the Control Panel, installed printers, and, if available, dial-up networking. Notice that a letter is assigned to each drive. These letters are constant. For example, the primary hard disk in this figure is called Hard disk 1, and its drive letter is C. Your primary hard disk may have a different name, but it will still have the drive letter C. A window opens that displays the folders and files on your hard disk. You can use the scroll bars on the right and bottom of the window to view different parts of the display. This action, similar to selecting New Folder from the File menu on the Macintosh, will create a new folder on your hard disk. This will bring the My Computer window to the front. A window opens displaying the contents of the floppy disk. A window opens that displays the contents of the folder. Notice that there is an icon corresponding to Demo File, the file we just copied. Right-clicking in Windows 95 brings up a shortcut menu. The shortcut menu's content varies according to the item that was right-clicked. As you can see, Rename is one of the commands that becomes available when a file is right-clicked. Exercise 2: Windows Explorer Windows Explorer in Windows 95 provides a second way to manage your files. Managing files using Windows Explorer is often easier than doing so through My Computer because Windows Explorer offers additional features—such as a two-panel view—that make it easier to see your files. In this exercise you will use these features to make copying files quick and easy. 1. Double-click My Computer at the upper-left corner of your desktop. 2. Open your hard disk by double-clicking the icon for drive letter C. 3. Click the File menu, point to New, and then click Folder. 4. Name the folder Training, and then press ENTER. 5. On the taskbar, click the My Computer button 6. Insert the disk labeled "Practice Files" into the disk drive, and double-click 3 ˝ Floppy 7. Line up the hard disk window and the 3˝ Floppy window so that both are visible on the desktop. To copy Demo File from the floppy disk to the Training folder, click Demo File and drag it to the Training folder, releasing when Training is selected. 8. Double-click the Training folder. 9. Right-click (click with the right mouse button) Demo File, and click Rename on the shortcut menu. 10. Name the file Text File, and press ENTER. 11. Click the Close button in the upper-right corner of the Training window to close it. 12. Close the hard disk window. 13. Close the floppy disk window. 14. Close the My Computer window Notice the two-panel view. In the left panel, Windows Explorer displays drives and folders. In the right panel, Windows Explorer displays files and subfolders. Note: In the left panel, if there is a + sign to the left of your primary hard disk, click it. The contents of the Training folder are displayed in the right panel. Notice that the text file we copied earlier is visible now. 1. Click Start, point to Programs, and click Windows Explorer. 2. Click Training in the left panel. Notice that Files now appears on the left panel as a subfolder of the Training folder. The blank right panel indicates that the Files folder is currently empty. 3. Right-click the white space on the right panel, point to New, and click Folder. 4. Name the folder Files, and press ENTER. 5. Double-click Files to open the folder. The contents of the floppy disk appear on the right panel. The two-panel view is useful in this situation because it makes lining up the windows unnecessary. Both the source and destination folders can be visible simultaneously, making dragging and dropping easier. You may have noticed that the shortcut menu (the menu that appears when you right-click) sometimes gives you the option to "Cut," "Copy," or "Paste." Much as you would cut, copy, and paste text in a word processor, Windows 95 lets you cut, copy, and paste files. Right-clicking a file and clicking Copy will make a duplicate of the file. Choosing Cut will remove the file from its original location; you can then paste it in a new location. This feature is useful when you are selecting files to transfer, performing additional operations (such as creating folders for the files), and placing the files in the new folders. The following is an overview of different commands that you may see in the shortcut menu of a file. 6. Click 3 1/2 Floppy (A:) on the left panel. 7. To copy Demo File to the Files folder, drag Demo File from the right panel to the Files folder in the left panel, releasing the mouse button when Files is selected. ---------- Converting Files It's easy to convert your files when migrating from the Macintosh to Windows 95, but there are several things you should consider before attempting to do so. If your Windows-based program can read the file format you're trying to open, you just have to tell that program to look for files of a different type. For example, opening a Microsoft Word for Macintosh file in the Word for Windows program is seamless if the appropriate settings are selected. If you don't have a Windows-based program that can read your file, however, you may have to return to the Macintosh to save it as a text file. Once you do so, you will be able to open the file on your Windows 95–based computer using WordPad or another word-processing application. Note, however, that you may lose some formatting in the process. The following exercise will step you through opening a text file in Windows 95 using WordPad. Exercise 1: Opening a text file in WordPad In this exercise you will open a text file in WordPad. By default, WordPad opens files that use the Microsoft Word version 6.0 format, though WordPad does know how to read text files. Note the WordPad button that appears on your taskbar. The Windows 95 Open dialog box appears. This is very similar to the Macintosh Open dialog box: The current drive is shown in the Look in box, the files and folders in that drive appear in the window below that box, and you can select a file type for which to search in the Files of type box at the bottom of the dialog box. 1. Click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and click WordPad. 2. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Open. A drop-down list appears that displays the tree of folders and all available drives. Because we are already at the highest level (the desktop), the list shows only the available drives. Note that no files appear in this window because the Files of type box is set to display only Word for Windows 6.0 files. The file we would like to open is a text file. A drop-down list appears that lists all file formats that WordPad supports. Other programs, such as Microsoft Word, may support formats other than the ones on this list. 3. Click the arrow to the right of the Look in box. 4. Click 3˝ Floppy (A:) from the drop-down list. 5. Click the arrow to the right of the Files of type box. This will tell WordPad to look for text files instead of for Word 6.0 files. Note that two files are now displayed. The Support document, a text file, opens in WordPad. If you save this document, however, you will still be saving it as a text file that is not platform-specific. The following steps will complete the conversion to a new file format specific to Windows 95. 6. Click Text Documents (*.txt) from the drop-down list. 7. Open Support by clicking it, and then clicking the Open button. 8. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Save As. The Save As dialog box enables you to specify a disk drive or folder, file name, and file type for this document. A list of folders and all text files on your hard disk appears. You have now selected the location on your hard disk to which you are going to save this file. Now you will change the file's format. Saving the file in the new format completes the conversion process. You have now created a Word 6.0 version of the Support file in your Files folder on your hard disk. (If you don't have Word 6.0 loaded on your computer, you can still read the file in WordPad.) Supplementary Exercise 2: Opening a Word for Macintosh file You must have Microsoft Word for Windows 95 or Word 97 installed on your Windows-based computer to complete this exercise. This exercise will step you through opening a file created in Microsoft Word 6.1 (or earlier) for Macintosh on your Windows 95–based computer. 9. To save this file in the Files folder that we created earlier, click the arrow to the right of the Save in box. 10. Click your primary hard disk (C). 11. Double-click Training, and then double-click Files. 12. Click the arrow to the right of the Save as type box, and select Word for Windows 6.0 from the drop-down list. 13. Click Save. 14. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Exit. No files appear in the Look in window because Word is currently searching only for Word for Windows documents, and none exist on this disk. 1. To run Microsoft Word: Click Start, point to Programs, and then click Microsoft Word. 2. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Open. 3. Click the arrow to the right of the Look in box, and select 3˝ Floppy (A:). 4. Click the arrow to the right of the Files of type box, and select All Files. Notice that both text files and the Macintosh file appear. Be sure to note that selecting All Files will display files of any format, whether or not Word can open them. The Word for Macintosh file opens. To complete the conversion, we must now save it in Word for Windows 95 or Word 97 format. Word now needs to know where to place the file and what format to save it in. Notice that Word has automatically switched the default save format to Word Document. You have now finished converting Macintosh File (in Word for Macintosh format) on the floppy disk into Windows File (in Word for Windows format) on your hard disk. 5. Click Macintosh File, and then click Open. 6. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Save As. 7. Click the arrow to the right of the Save in box, and select your primary hard disk (C). 8. Double-click Training, and then double-click Files. 9. Select the name in the File name box, type Windows File in its place, and then click Save. 10. Open the new file to be sure that the conversion is successful. (Review Exercise 2, Step 2 for help in opening files.) ---------- Shortcut Keys The Macintosh offers several shortcut keys to speed up certain commands. For example, to open a file, you press Command+o; to save a file, you press Command+s; and to print, you press Command+p. Windows 95 offers all of these and many more. Most Macintosh shortcut keys that use the Command (Apple) key can be used in Windows 95 simply by replacing the Command key with the Control key (labeled ctrl on most PC keyboards). Many other shortcut keys make use of the alt key, such as alt+f4 to quit a program. Finally, the alt key can be used to access any menu and any commands on it. To access a menu, find the letter that is underlined in the menu's name on the menu bar, and then press alt plus that letter. To choose a command when the menu is already displayed, press the underlined letter for that item. In a dialog box, select a button by pressing alt plus the underlined letter in that button. Practice the following shortcut keys in WordPad. Common shortcut keys Function | Windows 95 Key | Mac Equivalent Access Start menu | ctrl-esc | N/A Switch between programs | alt-tab | Must use Application menu New | ctrl-n | Command-n Open | ctrl-o | Command-o Close | ctrl-w | Command-w Save | ctrl-s | Command-s Print | ctrl-p | Command-p Quit a program | alt-f4 | Command-q Copy | ctrl-c | Command-c Cut | ctrl-x | Command-x Paste | ctrl-v | Command-v Select all | ctrl-a | Command-a Find | ctrl-f | Command-f ---------- Instructor Guide Instructor Guide Note to Instructors This Instructor's Guide is provided to help you guide users through the lessons in Moving from the Mac to Windows 95. The lessons use sample files on a diskette called "Practice Files". Creating Your Practice Files Diskette In order to create the required supporting materials, you will need to download the practice files used in the guide. Please prepare a blank, 3.5" diskette labeled "Practice Files" and place it in your floppy drive. To download the practice files below: If you are using a MAC, click and hold your mouse button over each link and a menu will pop up. Choose "download link to disk." The Save dialog box will then appear and you can save each file individually to your floppy disk. If you are using Windows, click the right mouse button on each link and a menu will pop up. Choose "Save target as..." or "Save link as..." The save dialog box will then appear and you can save each file individually to your floppy disk. Demo File (TXT file, O bytes) Support File (TXT file, 66 bytes) Macintosh File (WORD 5.1 for the MAC file, 2.5KB) You will want to make copies of this disk for use in the classroom, and retain the original as your master disk in case classroom use overwrites or damages the disk. The layout of the Instructor's Guide is simple: The exact content of the Participant's Guide appears on the pages, with additional instructor's notes which convey important information that corresponds to the participant's pages. In italics, you will find such information as the amount of time each lesson takes to complete, how the computers should be configured, and points you need to explain or discuss with the participants. To aid you in following the Instructor's Guide as you conduct a lesson, the content uses a number of "keys" so that you can locate where you are in the guide at a glance. The following table explains the keys. Indicates items that need to be completed before the lesson can start. | | Indicates the amount of time needed to complete each chapter, as well as each exercise within the chapter. | | Indicates an item of special interest that you will want to pass on or explain to the participants. | | Indicates a question/answer or review session. | | Indicates a suggestion for leading the exercise or for further exploration. | | Welcome Every participant's computer must have Microsoft Windows 95 installed on it and have been booted up prior to the workshop. Windows 95 requires: * Personal or multimedia computer with a 486/25-MHz processor * 8 MB of RAM recommended * 40 MB of available hard disk space * CD-ROM drive * VGA or higher-resolution display * Microsoft Mouse, Microsoft IntelliMouse(R), or compatible pointing device This course makes use of the Windows accessories WordPad, Paint, and Calculator. If these components are not installed, you can add them: * From the Control Panel, click Add/Remove Programs. * Click the Windows Setup tab. * Select Accessories, and then click Details. * Under Components, select the boxes next to Calculator, Paint, and WordPad. * When you press OK, you will be prompted for the Windows 95 CD or floppy disks. If you have Microsoft Word, you will also be able to use the Supplementary Exercise on converting files. The Start menu must also be configured to have WordPad, Paint, and Calculator in the Accessories section of the Programs folder, and have Windows Explorer (and Microsoft Word if you have it) in the Programs folder. If any of the participants have used Mac OS 8, explain the following similarities between OS 8 and Windows 95: * In OS 8, users no longer need to hold down the mouse button when browsing menus. * In OS 8, holding down Control while clicking opens a context menu, similar to the shortcut menu that is displayed when a user right-clicks in Windows 95. Explain that the OS 8 menu lacks many options that the Windows 95 menu has, so this course will not attempt to draw similarities between the two menus. Welcome to Participants This workshop is designed to help a knowledgeable Macintosh user apply his or her knowledge of System 7 or System 8 to Windows 95. Those who are familiar with Mac OS 8, however, will notice similarities between the two platforms. The first major similarity is that in OS 8, you no longer need to hold down the mouse button when browsing menus. OS 8 users will also be familiar with the context menu that appears when one holds down the Control key while clicking the mouse button. A similar menu, called the shortcut menu, appears in Windows 95 when the user "right-clicks," that is, clicks using the right mouse button. Still, the Windows 95 shortcut menu has many options that the Macintosh context menu lacks, so this course will not attempt to draw similarities between the two menus. Many of you have developed a justifiable affection for your Macintosh. There's no reason why you shouldn't develop the same feeling for your Windows-based computer. We hope your experience in this workshop is the first step toward doing so. ---------- The Desktop Overall: 30 minutes Exercise 1, The Start menu: 10 minutes Exercise 2, The taskbar: 5 minutes Exercise 3, The window: 10 minutes Review & Questions: 5 minutes For these exercises, make sure that the taskbar is positioned at the bottom of the screen. If the taskbar is located anywhere else on the desktop: 1. Click and hold part of the taskbar background. 2. Drag the taskbar down until it repositions itself at the bottom of the screen. The first thing you see when you start a computer running Windows 95 is a desktop full of graphical elements. The following exercises will introduce you to these elements. Exercise 1: The Start menu A menu divided into several sections will appear. The Programs folder on the Start menu is comparable to the Macintosh Apple menu. It has shortcuts to all applications installed on the computer. Using these shortcuts, you can launch a program quickly and easily. 1. Click the Start button in the lower-left corner of the screen. 2. With your mouse, point to Programs. The Documents folder on the Start menu has shortcuts to documents that have been opened recently and is similar to the Recent Documents list available in the Apple menu on the Macintosh. Clicking a document on the Documents list opens it in the application in which it was created. 3. Point to Documents. In the Settings folder on the Start menu you will find the familiar Control Panel (used for customizing the system). You will also notice a shortcut to configuring printer setup (similar to the Chooser) and the taskbar. (See Exercise 2 for information on working with the taskbar.) 4. Point to Settings. The Find folder on the Start menu enables you to search for files on your computer and across a network. You can search for files by name on the Name & Location tab. (Clicking the Date Modified or Advanced tab will enable you to search using more specific criteria.) Click the Close button to close the window. 5. Point to Find, and then click Files or Folders. Just as you have to shut down a Macintosh before it is safe to turn it off, you must do the same to a Windows 95–based computer. To restart a Macintosh, you select Restart from the Special menu. In restart in Windows 95, you click Start, and then click Restart the computer?. 6. Click Start, and then click Shut Down. 7. Click No to stay in Windows. Explain to participants that the icons on the right end of the taskbar change depending on how the computer is configured. These icons often represent a quick way to configure Windows 95. To illustrate this concept, have the participants double-click the speaker icon. Explain that the dialog box that opens lets them adjust their system's volume. Exercise 2: The taskbar The taskbar is the gray bar located at the bottom of your screen (although its location can be changed). It contains the Start menu, buttons for all currently running programs and open windows, and the time. When used to switch between programs, the taskbar is similar to the Application menu on the Macintosh. In this exercise you will open two applications—Calculator and WordPad—and switch between them using the taskbar. Note the new button on your taskbar. Your taskbar should now look like this: As you can see, the taskbar indicates the active program by displaying the program's button as if it were "pressed in." To make another program active, click that program's button. The Calculator program becomes active and appears on the screen. Click the WordPad button to make WordPad active. Keep Calculator and WordPad open for the next exercise. 1. Click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and then click Calculator. 2. Click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and then click WordPad. 3. Click the Calculator button. Exercise 3: The window In this exercise you will learn how to manipulate windows in Windows 95. Make sure that both Calculator and WordPad are open and that WordPad is active. On the Macintosh the size box is used both to enlarge and shrink windows. In Windows you can make windows larger or smaller by using the Maximize button or the Minimize button . This is the same as hiding the window on the Mac. The WordPad window is now minimized to the taskbar, but you can still see Calculator in the background. Clicking the button on the taskbar that corresponds to a minimized application makes it the active program again. Note: For the next step, make sure that WordPad is neither maximized nor minimized. If you see the Restore button at the upper-right corner of the WordPad window, click it. Windows 95 allows you to stretch a window manually. On the Macintosh you drag the size box to do this. In Windows you drag the window corner . Unlike the Mac OS, Windows 95 enables you to quit a program directly from an open window. Notice that Calculator is still open, and the taskbar looks like this: The table below compares buttons on a Mac window and buttons on a Windows 95 window and explains each button's function. 1. Click the Close button to quit WordPad. (You can also quit by clicking Exit on the File menu, or by pressing ALT-F4 on the keyboard.) 2. Minimize WordPad by clicking the Minimize button 3. Click WordPad on the taskbar to make WordPad active. 4. Clicking and holding the window corner, drag it so that the window is half the width of the screen. 5. Click Calculator on the taskbar to make it active, and then click the Close button to quit Calculator. After the exercise, encourage participants to launch other programs such as Paint (available by clicking Start, then Programs, and then Accessories) or Solitaire (available by clicking Start, then Programs, then Accessories, and then Games) until they feel comfortable with launching and quitting programs. Take some time to discuss the lesson with participants, and answer any questions. Record your own questions, for use in case the participants don't have any questions. | | ---------- File Management Time: 40 Minutes Exercise 1, My Computer: 15 minutes Exercise 2, Windows Explorer: 15 minutes Review & Questions: 10 minutes The participants' computers must have a 3.5-inch floppy disk drive in order to use the data on the "Practice Files" disk. Each station should also be provided with a copy of the "Practice Files" disk. The following exercises assume that Windows 95 is set up to create a new window for every folder that is opened. To ensure that this is the way the computers are configured: * Double-click My Computer. * Click View, and then click Options. * Make sure that the setting Browse folders using a separate window for each folder is selected. Once you have begun to save files on your Windows 95–based PC, you will want to organize them into folders that will make it easier for you to locate the files in the future. Exercise 1: My Computer Explain that the screen shot shown is one of a computer with two hard disk drives. The computers the participants are using may have only one. | | Exercise 1: My Computer Using My Computer, you can manage files in a manner that is very similar to managing files on the Macintosh. For example, to copy a file, open the source and destination folders, and drag the file between them. In the following exercise you will copy a file from a floppy disk to a new folder on the hard disk, and then rename it. My Computer displays icons corresponding to every available drive (floppy, hard disk, CD-ROM, and so on). It also displays icons corresponding to the Control Panel, installed printers, and, if available, dial-up networking. Notice that a letter is assigned to each drive. These letters are constant. For example, the primary hard disk in this figure is called Hard disk 1, and its drive letter is C. Your primary hard disk may have a different name, but it will still have the drive letter C. A window opens that displays the folders and files on your hard disk. You can use the scroll bars on the right and bottom of the window to view different parts of the display. This action, similar to selecting New Folder from the File menu on the Macintosh, will create a new folder on your hard disk. This will bring the My Computer window to the front. 1. Double-click My Computer at the upper-left corner of your desktop. 2. Open your hard disk by double-clicking the icon for drive letter C. 3. Click the File menu, point to New, and then click Folder. 4. Name the folder Training, and then press ENTER. 5. On the taskbar, click the My Computer button A window opens displaying the contents of the floppy disk. 6. Insert the disk labeled "Practice Files" into the disk drive, and double-click 3 ˝ Floppy Explain to the participants that it is okay if the windows slightly overlap when they are being lined up, as long as the Training folder and the contents of the floppy disk remain visible. Remember that participants should be using copies of the original "Practice Files" disk. You should keep the original disk in a safe place to use as a master. | | A window opens that displays the contents of the folder. Notice that there is an icon corresponding to Demo File, the file we just copied. Right-clicking in Windows 95 brings up a shortcut menu. The shortcut menu's content varies according to the item that was right-clicked. As you can see, Rename is one of the commands that becomes available when a file is right-clicked. 7. Line up the hard disk window and the 3˝ Floppy window so that both are visible on the desktop. To copy Demo File from the floppy disk to the Training folder, click Demo File and drag it to the Training folder, releasing when Training is selected. 8. Double-click the Training folder. 9. Right-click (click with the right mouse button) Demo File, and click Rename on the shortcut menu. 10. Name the file Text File, and press ENTER. 11. Click the Close button in the upper-right corner of the Training window to close it. 12. Close the hard disk window. 13. Close the floppy disk window. 14. Close the My Computer window Exercise 2: Windows Explorer Make sure that the shortcut to Windows Explorer has not been moved. Windows Explorer should be accessible in the Start menu under Programs. Exercise 2: Windows Explorer Windows Explorer in Windows 95 provides a second way to manage your files. Managing files using Windows Explorer is often easier than doing so through My Computer because Windows Explorer offers additional features—such as a two-panel view—that make it easier to see your files. In this exercise you will use these features to make copying files quick and easy. 1. Click Start, point to Programs, and click Windows Explorer. Tell the participants that the New command that appears when they right-click will change, depending on the programs that have been installed. Explain that certain programs will add an entry to the right-click menu, making it easier to create new files in specific locations. | | Notice the two-panel view. In the left panel, Windows Explorer displays drives and folders. In the right panel, Windows Explorer displays files and subfolders. Note: In the left panel, if there is a + sign to the left of your primary hard disk, click it. The contents of the Training folder are displayed in the right panel. Notice that the text file we copied earlier is visible now. 2. Click Training in the left panel. Notice that Files now appears on the left panel as a subfolder of the Training folder. The blank right panel indicates that the Files folder is currently empty. 3. Right-click the white space on the right panel, point to New, and click Folder. 4. Name the folder Files, and press ENTER. 5. Double-click Files to open the folder. Make sure that participants have the "Practice Files" disk in their 3.5" drives before attempting this step. | | The contents of the floppy disk appear on the right panel. The two-panel view is useful in this situation because it makes lining up the windows unnecessary. Both the source and destination folders can be visible simultaneously, making dragging and dropping easier. You may have noticed that the shortcut menu (the menu that appears when you right-click) sometimes gives you the option to "Cut," "Copy," or "Paste." Much as you would cut, copy, and paste text in a word processor, Windows 95 lets you cut, copy, and paste files. Right-clicking a file and clicking Copy will make a duplicate of the file. Choosing Cut will remove the file from its original location; you can then paste it in a new location. This feature is useful when you are selecting files to transfer, performing additional operations (such as creating folders for the files), and placing the files in the new folders. The following is an overview of different commands that you may see in the shortcut menu of a file. 6. Click 3˝ Floppy (A:) on the left panel. 7. To copy Demo File to the Files folder, drag Demo File from the right panel to the Files folder in the left panel, releasing the mouse button when Files is selected. After the exercises, encourage participants to create additional folders under the Training folder and to copy files to them. Just make sure that the participants do not remove the Training folder or any of the files that they have already copied, as these files will be used later in the course. Take some time to discuss the lesson with participants and answer any questions. Record your own questions, for use in case the participants don't have any questions. | | ---------- Converting Files Overall: 40 minutes Exercise 1, Opening a text file in WordPad: 15 minutes Supplementary Exercise 2, Opening a Word for Macintosh file: 15 minutes Review & Questions: 10 minutes Explain that when a file is saved as a text file it loses its formatting. However, saving a file as a text file may be the only way to open it, if it was created in a program different from the one you are using. The following lessons require each station to be set up with a copy of the "Practice Files" disk. Keep the original disk to use as a master. It's easy to convert your files when migrating from the Macintosh to Windows 95, but there are several things you should consider before attempting to do so. If your Windows-based program can read the file format you're trying to open, you just have to tell that program to look for files of a different type. For example, opening a Microsoft Word for Macintosh file in the Word for Windows program is seamless if the appropriate settings are selected. If you don't have a Windows-based program that can read your file, however, you may have to return to the Macintosh to save it as a text file. Once you do so, you will be able to open the file on your Windows 95–based computer using WordPad or another word-processing application. Note, however, that you may lose some formatting in the process. The following exercise will step you through opening a text file in Windows 95 using WordPad. Exercise 1: Opening a text file in WordPad In this exercise you will open a text file in WordPad. By default, WordPad opens files that use the Microsoft Word version 6.0 format, though WordPad does know how to read text files. Note the WordPad button that appears on your taskbar. The Windows 95 Open dialog box appears. This is very similar to the Macintosh Open dialog box: The current drive is shown in the Look in box, the files and folders in that drive appear in the window below that box, and you can select a file type for which to search in the Files of type box at the bottom of the dialog box. 1. Click Start, point to Programs, point to Accessories, and click WordPad. 2. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Open. A drop-down list appears that displays the tree of folders and all available drives. Because we are already at the highest level (the desktop), the list shows only the available drives. Note that no files appear in this window because the Files of type box is set to display only Word for Windows 6.0 files. The file we would like to open is a text file. A drop-down list appears that lists all file formats that WordPad supports. Other programs, such as Microsoft Word, may support formats other than the ones on this list. 3. Click the arrow to the right of the Look in box. 4. Click 3˝ Floppy (A:) from the drop-down list. 5. Click the arrow to the right of the Files of type box. This will tell WordPad to look for text files instead of for Word 6.0 files. Note that two files are now displayed. The Support document, a text file, opens in WordPad. If you save this document, however, you will still be saving it as a text file that is not platform-specific. The following steps will complete the conversion to a new file format specific to Windows 95. 6. Click Text Documents (*.txt) from the drop-down list. 7. Open Support by clicking it, and then clicking the Open button. 8. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Save As. The Save As dialog box enables you to specify a disk drive or folder, file name, and file type for this document. A list of folders and all text files on your hard disk appears. You have now selected the location on your hard disk to which you are going to save this file. Now you will change the file's format. Saving the file in the new format completes the conversion process. You have now created a Word 6.0 version of the Support file in your Files folder on your hard disk. (If you don't have Word 6.0 loaded on your computer, you can still read the file in WordPad.) 9. To save this file in the Files folder that we created earlier, click the arrow to the right of the Save in box. 10. Click your primary hard disk (C). 11. Double-click Training, and then double-click Files. 12. Click the arrow to the right of the Save as type box, and select Word for Windows 6.0 from the drop-down list. 13. Click Save. 14. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Exit. Explain that WordPad shares a file format with Microsoft Word version 6.0 (also called Word for Windows 95). This means that users who do not have Microsoft Word may still be able to view Word files using WordPad, they just won't be able to use features, such as tables and columns, that are available in Word. Supplementary Exercise 2: Opening a Word for Macintosh file In order to use this exercise, make sure that either Microsoft Word 95 or Microsoft Word 97 is available in the Programs section of the Start menu. If the shortcut for Microsoft Word resides elsewhere, instruct participants to launch it from the appropriate location. If you do not have Microsoft Word installed on the participants' computers, encourage the participants to open and convert text files from the Windows folder using WordPad. The participants can store these files in the Training folder. You must have Microsoft Word for Windows 95 or Word 97 installed on your Windows-based computer to complete this exercise. This exercise will step you through opening a file created in Microsoft Word 6.1 (or earlier) for Macintosh on your Windows 95–based computer. No files appear in the Look in window because Word is currently searching only for Word for Windows documents, and none exist on this disk. 1. To run Microsoft Word: Click Start, point to Programs, and then click Microsoft Word. 2. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Open. 3. Click the arrow to the right of the Look in box, and select 3˝ Floppy (A:). 4. Click the arrow to the right of the Files of type box, and select All Files. Notice that both text files and the Macintosh file appear. Be sure to note that selecting All Files will display files of any format, whether or not Word can open them. The Word for Macintosh file opens. To complete the conversion, we must now save it in Word for Windows 95 or Word 97 format. Word now needs to know where to place the file and what format to save it in. Notice that Word has automatically switched the default save format to Word Document. 5. Click Macintosh File, and then click Open. 6. Click File on the menu bar, and then click Save As. You have now finished converting Macintosh File (in Word for Macintosh format) on the floppy disk into Windows File (in Word for Windows format) on your hard disk. 7. Click the arrow to the right of the Save in box, and select your primary hard disk (C). 8. Double-click Training, and then double-click Files. 9. Select the name in the File name box, type Windows File in its place, and then click Save. 10. Open the new file to be sure that the conversion is successful. (Review Exercise 2, Step 2 for help in opening files.) For additional practice in converting files, encourage participants to use Microsoft Word to open the text file used in Exercise 1. Then have them save it in the Microsoft Word format. Participants can also explore other formats, such as Microsoft Word for Macintosh. Take some time to discuss the lesson with participants and answer any questions. Record your own questions, for use in case the participants don't have any questions. | | ---------- Shortcut Keys Overall: 10 minutes Review & Questions: 5 minutes Have participants practice using the shortcut keys listed in Exercise 2 of File Management. They can practice in WordPad, which is available by clicking Accessories in the Programs section of the Start menu. Take some time to discuss the lesson with participants and answer any questions. Record your own questions, for use in case the participants don't have any questions. | | The Macintosh offers several shortcut keys to speed up certain commands. For example, to open a file, you press Command+o; to save a file, you press Command+s; and to print, you press Command+p. Windows 95 offers all of these and many more. Most Macintosh shortcut keys that use the Command (Apple) key can be used in Windows 95 simply by replacing the Command key with the Control key (labeled ctrl on most PC keyboards). Many other shortcut keys make use of the alt key, such as alt+f4 to quit a program. Finally, the alt key can be used to access any menu and any commands on it. To access a menu, find the letter that is underlined in the menu's name on the menu bar, and then press alt plus that letter. To choose a command when the menu is already displayed, press the underlined letter for that item. In a dialog box, select a button by pressing alt plus the underlined letter in that button. Practice the following shortcut keys in WordPad. Common shortcut keys Function | Windows 95 Key | Mac Equivalent Access Start menu | ctrl-esc | N/A Switch between programs | alt-tab | Must use Application menu New | ctrl-n | Command-n Open | ctrl-o | Command-o Close | ctrl-w | Command-w Save | ctrl-s | Command-s Print | ctrl-p | Command-p Quit a program | alt-f4 | Command-q Copy | ctrl-c | Command-c Cut | ctrl-x | Command-x Paste | ctrl-v | Command-v Select all | ctrl-a | Command-a Find | ctrl-f | Command-f ---------- Microsoft - Information on Terms of Use " l gen true comment "RSACi North America Server" by "inet@microsoft.com " on "1997.06.30T14:48-0500" r (n 0 s 0 v 0 NOTICE SPECIFIC TO SOFTWARE AVAILABLE ON THIS WEBSITE Any software that is made available to download from this server ("Software") is the copyrighted work of Microsoft and/or its suppliers. Use of the Software is governed by the terms of the end user license agreement, if any, which accompanies or is included with the Software ("License Agreement"). 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