From the web page http://ctb.lsi.ukans.edu Used with permission COMMUNITY TOOL BOX Outline of a Guide to Organizing Community-Based Public Health Initiatives Part A. Promoting Awareness of Health Issues and Community Resources Contains information about getting health issues on the local agenda, communicating information about risk and protective factors, and assessing community needs and resources with listening sessions, town meetings, and surveys of various kinds. (Chapters 1 and 2) _________________________________________________________________ Part B. Promoting Interest in the Initiative Contains information about broad strategies for community building (like coalition building and systems advocacy), and information about using communications media to get the word out and promote interest in your initiative. (Chapters 3 and 4) _________________________________________________________________ Part C. Recruiting Members and Developing a Strategic Plan Contains information about member recruitment and strategic planning issues (like developing a mission statement and objectives). (Chapters 5 and 6) _________________________________________________________________ Part D: Developing an Organizational Structure, Staff and Volunteers Contains important information about organizing your initiative, such as developing committees, hiring staff and recruiting volunteers, as well as training staff and volunteers. (Chapters 7 through 9) _________________________________________________________________ Part E: Developing Leadership Contains information about building leadership capacity within your organization, and becoming an effective manager. (Chapters 10 and 11) _________________________________________________________________ Part F: Selecting Community Interventions to Promote Health and Reduce Risk Contains information about analyzing root causes of problems, choosing interventions, and adapting interventions to work in your community. (Chapters 12 and 13) _________________________________________________________________ Part G: Implementing Community Interventions Contains information about implementing community interventions, including information about enhancing experience and competence, providing support and incentives, mentoring, modifying access to products, improving services, changing policies related to health issues, and changing the physical structure of the community. (Chapters 14 through 20) _________________________________________________________________ Part H: Organizing for Effective Advocacy Contains information about advocacy strategies and tactics, conducting advocacy research, providing feedback, media advocacy, and responding to counter-attacks. (Chapters 21 through 26) _________________________________________________________________ Part I: Generating and Managing Resources for the Initiative Contains information about getting and managing financial resources, as well as collaborating with and supporting other related community initiatives. (Chapters 27 through 29) _________________________________________________________________ Part J: Evaluating the Initiative Containing everything you wanted to know about evaluation (but were afraid to ask). (Chapters 30 through 32) _________________________________________________________________ Part K: Maintaining Quality and Rewarding Accomplishments Containing information about developing a quality performance maintenance plan, and rewarding the contributions of persons with whom you work. (Chapters 33 and 34) _________________________________________________________________ Part L: Promoting Institutionalization of the Initiative Contains information about marketing strategies and developing a plan for long-term institutionalization of the initiative. (Chapters 35 and 36) ---------- Part A. Promoting Awareness of Health Issues and Community Resources _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 1: Promoting Understanding of Health Issues * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Getting Health Issues on the Local Agenda * Section 2: Securing Data and Reporting on the Incidence of Health Issues * Section 3: Communicating Information on the Consequences of Health Issues: Why are they Important? * Section 4: Communicating Information on Public Support for Addressing Health Issues * Section 5: Talking About Risk and Protective Factors Related to Health Issues * Section 6: Creating Local Fact Sheets on Health Issues * Section 7: Making Community Presentations on Health and Related Issues * Section 8: Using a Promoting Understanding Self-Assessment Chapter 2: Assessing Community Needs and Resources * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Identifying Local Needs and Resources * Section 2: Conducting Public Forums and Listening Sessions * Section 3: Analyzing Community Problems * Section 4: Conducting Focus Groups * Section 5: Conducting Needs Assessment Surveys * Section 6: Identifying Community Assets and Resources * Section 7: Determining Incidence and Prevalence of the Problem * Section 8: Developing Baseline Measures of Behavior * Section 9: Conducting Concerns Surveys * Section 10: Determining Service Utilization * Section 11: Conducting Meetings in Diverse Communities * Section 12: Using a Needs and Resources Self-Assessment ---------- Part B. Promoting Interest in the Initiative _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 3: Understanding Broad Strategies for Improving Community Health Issues * Section 1: Coalition Building * Section 2: Systems Advocacy * Section 3: Community Organization * Section 4: Communicating Core Values of Community Health Initiatives (change, impact, inclusion, empowerment) * Section 5: Assessing Consumer Satisfaction with the Initiative (see Part J, Chapter 29, Section 4) * Section 6: Organizing New Groups in All Sectors and Populations * Section 7: Using a Coalition Building Self-Assessment Chapter 4: Using Media and Communications to Promote Interest in the Initiative * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Communication * Section 2: Preparing Press Releases * Section 3: Arranging News and Feature Stories * Section 4: Approaching Editorial Boards * Section 5: Preparing Guest Columns and Editorials * Section 6: Preparing Public Service Announcements * Section 7: Arranging a Press Conference * Section 8: Advertising * Section 9: Creating Newsletters * Section 10: Creating Posters and Fliers * Section 11: Developing Creative Promotions (Bumper Stickers, T-shirts, Postcards, etc.) * Section 12: Creating Brochures * Section 13: Coordinating with National Awareness Weeks/Months * Section 14: Handling Crises in Communication * Section 15: Conducting Community Forums on Health Issues * Section 16: Using Media and Communications Self-Assessment ---------- Part C. Recruiting Members and Developing a Strategic Plan _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 5 Recruiting Members for the Community Health Initiative * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Recruiting Members * Section 2: Identifying Potential Members in All Sectors of the Community * Section 3: Methods of Contacting Potential Members * Section 4: Writing Letters to Potential Members * Section 5: Making Personal Contact with Potential Members * Section 6: Involving Key Influentials * Section 7: Involving People Most Affected by the Problem * Section 8: Promoting Inclusiveness, Diversity, Experiential Knowledge, and Capacity to Influence Change * Section 9: Using a Recruiting Self-Assessment Chapter 6: Developing a Strategic Plan * Section 1: Overview of the Process of Strategic Planning: VMOSA * Section 2: Creating a Vision and a Mission Statement * Section 3: Stating Objectives * Section 4: Developing Strategies * Section 5: Developing an Action Plan * Section 6: Obtaining Feedback from Constituents: What's Important and Feasible? * Section 7: Identifying Action Steps * Section 8: Using a Planning Self-Assessment ---------- Part D: Developing an Organizational Structure, Staff and Volunteers _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 7: Developing an Organizational Structure for the Initiative * Section 1: Overview of a Recommended Organizational Structure * Section 2: Creating an Initial Steering Committee for the Initiative * Section 3: Developing Multisector Task Forces or Action Committees for the Initiative * Section 4: Establishing a Coordinating Council * Section 5: Developing an Ongoing Board of Directors * Section 6: Using An Organizational Self-Assessment Chapter 8: Hiring and Training Key Staff * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Staff Hiring and Training * Section 2: Preparing Job Descriptions and Selection Criteria * Section 3: Advertising and Interviewing for Positions * Section 4: Developing Personnel Policies * Section 5: Developing Staff Orientation Programs * Section 6: Developing Training Programs for Staff * Section 7: Using a Staff Development Self-Assessment Chapter 9: Recruiting and Training Volunteers for Projects * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Involving Volunteers * Section 2: Recruiting Volunteers * Section 3: Developing Volunteer Orientation Programs * Section 4: Developing Training Programs for Volunteers * Section 5: Using a Volunteer Development Self-Assessment ---------- Part E: Developing Leadership _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 10 Building Leadership Capacity * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Building Leadership * Section 2: Developing and Communicating a Vision * Section 3: Discovering and Creating Possibilities * Section 4: Identifying Needs * Section 5: Mobilizing and Sustaining Commitment * Section 6: Influencing People * Section 7: Building and Sustaining Relationships * Section 8: Learning From and Contributing to Constituents * Section 9: Making Decisions * Section 10: Becoming a Servant Leader * Section 11: Developing Facilitators Skills * Section 12: Conducting Effective Meetings * Section 13: Using a Leadership Development Self-Assessment Chapter 11: Becoming an Effective Manager * Section 1: Developing a Management Plan * Section 2: Providing Supervision for Staff and Volunteers * Section 3: Providing Support for Staff and Volunteers * Section 4: Using a Management Self-Assessment ---------- Part F: Selecting Community Interventions to Promote Health and Reduce Risk _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 12: Selecting Points of Intervention * Section 1: Analyzing Root Causes of Problems * Section 2: Identifying Targets and Agents of Change * Section 3: Using Community Sectors to Reach Targets and Agents of Change * Section 4: Using an Intervention Selection Self-Assessment Chapter 13: Choosing and Adapting Interventions * Section 1: Reviewing Risk and Protective Factors for Health Issues * Section 2: Identifying Strategies and Tactics for Reducing Health Risks * Section 3: Adapting Interventions to Fit Context and Cultural Traditions * Section 4: Conducting Intervention Research * Section 5: Using an Intervention Self-Assessment ---------- Part G: Implementing Community Interventions _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 14: Enhancing Experience and Competence * Section 1: Overview of Tactics for Enhancing Experience and Competence * Section 2: Providing Information About Health Concerns and Their Consequences * Section 3: Using Evaluation Criteria to Select Prevention Curricula * Section 4: Promoting Adoption and Use of Effective Prevention Curricula * Section 5: Training Peer Refusal Skills * Section 6: Training for Conflict Resolution * Section 7: Distributing Brochures for Parents or Guardians On Increasing Communication * Section 8: Collaborating with Local Organizations to Implement Prevention Strategies in the Home * Section 9: Establishing Student Organizations for Health Concerns (e.g. SADD) * Section 10: Developing a Speaker's Bureau * Section 11: Using a Competence Self-Assessment Chapter 15: Providing Support and Incentives * Section 1: Overview of Tactics for Providing Support and Resources * Section 2: Creating Peer Support Groups * Section 3: Establishing an Incentive Program for Teachers and Administrators to Implement Effective Prevention Initiatives * Section 4: Establishing Intergenerational Programs Linking Adolescents with Elders * Section 5: Creating Support Groups and Networks for Parents and Guardians * Section 6: Establishing Programs Linking Adolescents-At-Risk with Potential Employers and Other Influential Adults * Section 7: Using a Support and Incentives Self-Assessment Chapter 16: Mentoring * Section 1: Building Youth Mentoring Programs * Section 2: Recruiting Mentors to the Program * Section 3: Training Adult Mentors * Section 4: Recruiting and Orienting Youth * Section 5: Building Youth/Mentor Relationships * Section 6: Youth Goal Setting * Section 7: Monitoring and Feedback * Section 8: Reviewing and Adjusting Goals Chapter 17: Modifying Access to Products * Section 1: Overview of Tactics for Modifying Access to Products * Section 2: Providing Merchant Education About Sales to Minors * Section 3: Conducting Stings on Merchants' Sales to Minors * Section 4: Eliminating Access to Unsupervised Areas * Section 5: Enhancing Access to Contraceptives * Section 6: Using a Modifying Access Self-Assessment Chapter 18: Improving Services * Section 1: Overview of Tactics for Improving Services * Section 2: Developing and Implementing Programs to Help People Set and Attain Personal Goals * Section 3: Developing Employment Programs * Section 4: Developing Recreational Programs * Section 5: Developing and Increasing Access to Health Services * Section 6: Establishing Peer Tutoring Programs * Section 8: Providing Supervised Alternative Activities for Youth * Section 9: Establishing School-based Clinics * Section 10: Promoting Coordination, Cooperative Agreements, and Collaborative Arrangements Among Agencies * Section 11: Using an Improving Services Self-Assessment Chapter 19: Changing Policies Related to Health Issues * Section 1: Overview of Tactics for Changing Policies * Section 2: Providing Yearly Surveillance and Reporting of Risk Behavior (behavioral survey) * Section 3: Establishing Disincentives for Risk Behaviors * Section 4: Modifying Policies to Increase Surveillance of Risky Behavior * Section 5: Supporting City Ordinances to Modify Access to Substances, Materials or Activities That Contribute to Health Issues * Section 6: Increasing Funding for Health Initiatives * Section 7: Modifying Policies to Permit Surveillance of Risk Behavior * Section 8: Changing Reporting Laws to Facilitate Public Exposure of Perpetrators * Section 9: Increasing Fines for Illegal Sales of Products to Minors * Section 10: Supporting City Ordinances Regarding Tobacco Control (include model ordinances) * Section 11: Supporting City Ordinances Regarding Youth Violence (include model ordinances) * Section 12: Requiring Adoption of Effective and Comprehensive Health Curricula (e.g; sexuality, violence, substance abuse) * Section 13: Modifying Policies to Increase Certification Requirements for Those Teaching Health Education * Section 14: Using a Changing Policies Self-Assessment Chapter 20: Changing the Physical Structure of the Community * Section 1: Improving Housing * Section 2: Improving Lighting * Section 3: Improving Parks * Section 4: Improving Recreational Facilities * Section 5: Using a Changing Physical Structures Self-Assessment ---------- Part H: Organizing for Effective Advocacy _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 21: Promoting Understanding of the Situation and Advocacy Campaign * Section 1: Overview of Advocacy Strategies and Tactics * Section 2: Identifying "Root" Causes: The "But Why" Technique * Section 3: Recognizing Allies * Section 4: Identifying Opponents and Resistance * Section 5: Survival Skills for Advocates * Section 6: Developing a Plan for Advocacy * Section 7: Encouraging Involvement of Potential Opponents as well as Allies * Section 8: Using an Advocacy Campaign Self-Assessment Chapter 22 Conducting Advocacy Research and Investigation * Section 1: Conducting Studies of the Issue * Section 2: Gathering Data on Public Opinion * Section 3: Studying the Opposition * Section 4: Requesting Accountability * Section 5: Demonstrating Commercial Benefit * Section 6: Documenting Complaints * Section 7: Acting as a Watchdog * Section 8: Organizing Audits of Consumer Services * Section 9: Using a Advocacy Research Self-Assessment Chapter 23: Providing Encouragement and Education * Section 1: Giving Personal Compliments and Providing Public Support * Section 2: Developing a Proposal * Section 3: Establishing Formal Communications and Requesting Participation * Section 4: Providing Corrective Feedback * Section 5: Reframing the Debate * Section 6: Using a Encouragement and Education Self-Assessment Chapter 24: Conducting a Direct Action Campaign * Section 1: Postponing Action * Section 2: Criticizing Unfavorable Action * Section 3: Writing Letters to Elected Officials * Section 4: Writing Letters to Newspaper Editors * Section 5: Filing a Complaint * Section 6: Seeking Enforcement of Existing Laws or Policies * Section 7: Testifying at Public Hearings * Section 8: Lobbying Decisionmakers * Section 9: Establishing Lines of Communication within the Opposition's Traditional Allies * Section 10: Conducting a Petition Drive * Section 11: Seeking Enactment of New Laws, Policies, or Regulations * Section 12: Registering Voters and Distributing Voter Registration Material * Section 13: Conducting a Community Conference or Public Hearing * Section 14: Organizing Public Demonstrations * Section 15: Seeking a Negotiator, Mediator, or Fact-Finder * Section 16: Initiating Legal Action * Section 17: Organizing a Boycott * Section 18: Using a Direct Action Campaign Self-Assessment Chapter 25 Media Advocacy * Section 1: Working with the Media * Section 2: Making Friends with the Media * Section 3: The New Media and You * Section 4: Using Paid Advertising * Section 5: Meeting the Media * Section 6: Framing your Content Chapter 26: Responding to Counterattacks * Section 1: Overview of Tactics for Responding to Counterattacks from Opponents * Section 2: Handling Deflections * Section 3: Handling Delays * Section 4: Handling Denials * Section 5: Handling Discounting * Section 6: Handling Deception * Section 7: Handling Dividing Tactics * Section 8: Handling Dulcifying or Appeasement Tactics * Section 9: Handling Discrediting * Section 10: Handling Destroy Tactics * Section 11: Handling Deal Tactics * Section 12: Embracing Surrender by the Opposition * Section 13: Using a Responding to Counterattacks Self-Assessment ---------- Part I: Generating and Managing Resources for the Initiative _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 27: Managing Finances * Section 1: Creating a Financial and Audit Committee * Section 2: Applying for Nonprofit Tax Status * Section 3: Handling Accounting * Section 4: Planning and Writing an Annual Budget * Section 5: Using a Managing Finances Self-Assessment Chapter 28 Planning for Financial Sustainability * Section 1: Marketing the Initiative to Secure Financial Support * Section 2: Developing a Committee to Help with Financial Sustainability * Section 3: Developing an Action Plan for Financial Sustainability * Section 4: Overview of Strategies for Sustaining the Initiative * Section 5: Leveraging Shared Positions and Resources * Section 6: Becoming a Line Item in an Existing budget * Section 7: Incorporating Activities/Services in Organiations with a Similar Mission * Section 8: Preparing Grant Applications * Section 9: Tapping into Existing Personnel Resources * Section 10: Soliciting Contributions and In-kind Support * Section 11: Designing and Implementing a Fund-raiser * Section 12: Pursuing Third Party Funding * Section 13: Developing a Fee-for-Services Structure * Section 14: Acquiring Tax Revenues * Section 15: Securing Endowments and Planned Giving Arrangements * Section 16: Establishing Membership Fees and Dues Chapter 29: Investing in Community Resources * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Supporting Related Community Efforts * Section 2: Establishing Micro or Mini-grants Programs * Section 3: Contracting for Service * Section 4: Using an Investing in Community Resources Self-Assessment ---------- Part J: Evaluating the Initiative _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 30: Introduction to Evaluation * Section 1: Understanding Community Leadership, Evaluators, Grantmakers: What Are Their Interests? * Section 2: Selecting an Evaluation Team: What to Look For * Section 3: Determining if the Community Initiative Working: Some Key Questions for the Evaluation Chapter 31: Measuring Process, Outcome, and Impact * Section 1: Using the Work Group System for Evaluating Community Initiatives for Health and Development * Section 2: Gathering Information: Monitoring Your Progress * Section 3: Appraising Community Goals: Ratings of Importance and Feasibility * Section 4: Member Survey of Process: Ratings of Satisfaction * Section 5: Constituent Survey of Outcomes: Ratings of Importance * Section 6: Reaching Your Goals: The Goal Attainment Report * Section 7: Behavioral Surveys * Section 8: Interviews with Key Participants: Analysis of Critical Events * Section 9: Community-Level Indicators Chapter 32: Bringing It All Together * Section 1: Using the Evaluation System to Answer Key Questions About the Initiative * Section 2: Providing Feedback to Improve the Initiative * Section 3: Communicating Information About the Initiative to Gain Support From Key Audiences * Section 4: Reflecting on the Evaluation System ---------- Part K: Maintaining Quality and Rewarding Accomplishments _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 33 Maintaining Quality Performance * Section 1: Developing a Plan to Maintain Quality Performance * Section 2: Obtaining and Using Feedback from Clients * Section 3: Using a MQP Self-Assessment * Section 4: Deming's 12 points Chapter 34: Rewarding Accomplishments * Section 1: Arranging Celebrations * Section 2: Providing Incentives for Staff and Volunteers * Section 3: Recognizing Goal Attainment * Section 4: Presenting Awards for Exemplary Accomplishment and Achievement * Section 5: Honoring Colleagues * Section 6: Using a Rewarding Accomplishments Self-Assessment ---------- Part L: Promoting Institutionalization of the Initiative _________________________________________________________________ Chapter 35: Promoting Adoption of Successful Components of the Initiative * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Marketing Key Ideas, Programs, and Products of the Initiative * Section 2: Identifying Successful Innovations * Section 3: Identifying Potential Adopters * Section 4: Implementing a Social Marketing Effort * Section 5: Using a Promoting Adoption Self-Assessment Chapter 36: Planning for Long-Term Institutionalization * Section 1: Developing a Plan for Institutionalization of the Initiative * Section 2: Promoting Adoption of the Initiative's Mission and Objectives * Section 3: Attracting Support for Key Programs * Section 4: Promoting Adoption of Policies that Support the Initiative * Section 5: Building Staff Lines into Budgets of Existing Agencies * Section 6: Using a Institutionalization Self-Assessmen